_J s 31 0
MODEL NEIGHBORHOODS
under the Demonstration Cities Act
U.S. OF:PART:\1ENT or HOUSI:-.:C and URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Robert C. '\\-eaver. Secretor~
Office or OcntonstraUons and Intergovernmental Relations
Wnshlngton. D.C. 20410
Reproduced from the manuscript collections at Boise State University Library
Len B. Jordan Collection MSS 6. Box 156, Folder 27
This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. CODE).
"To build not just housing units, but
neighborhoods, not just to construct
schools, but to educate children, not
just to raise income, but to create
beauty and end the poisoning of our
environment."
--President Lyndon B. Johnson
Reproduced from the manuscript collections at Boise State University Library
Len B. Jordan Collection MSS 6. Box 156, Folder 27
This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. CODE).
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
Program Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Types of Eligible Areas • • • . . • . . • • • • • • • • • . . • . . • . . 2
Program Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Financing a Local Program • . . • • . • . • . . . . . • • • • . . • . . 3
How to Apply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
For Further Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 15 cents
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FOREWORD
Title I of the Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development
Act of 1966 provides for a new program to substantially improve
the living environment and the general welfare of people living in
slum and blighted neighborhoods in selected cities of all sizes and
all parts of the country. It calls for a coordinated attack, bringing
to bear the resources of Federal, State, and local government, as
well as private efforts, to develop "model" neighborhoods.
This brochure is designed to provide general information about
the program. A Program Guide that sets forth the technical
standards and application procedures is available from the Office
of Demonstrations and Intergovernmental Rel.ations or any of
the Department of Housing and Urban Development Regional Offices
listed on page 8 of this booklet. Planning grants will not be made
on a "first come-first served" basis. Cities will be given sufficient
opportunity to respond to the Program Guide.
*·¥~ H. Ralph Taylor
Assistant Secretary for
Demonstrations and
Intergovernmental Relations
i
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PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS
Among the highlights of the Program are:
"Total Attack" Approach: The Program is designed to develop
a "total attack" on the social, economic, and physical problems
in slum and blighted areas to turn them into "model" neighborhoods.
This means a comprehensive, coordinated, and concentrated
effort to mobilize all available resources to rebuild and
revitalize the physical environment of blighted neighborhoods and
improve significantly the lives of the people living in them.
Innovation: The Program is intended to be a search for new
paths to the local solution of local problems. It provides an
opportunity to cities for experimentation, imagination and innovation
in every aspect -- from new ways of reaching the alienated
slum dweller, to new approaches to local administration, to the
use of new technology to reduce costs.
Human Resources Development: The basic thrust of the Program
is the linking of projects and activities designed to develop
human resources with those for improving the physical environment.
The Program places major emphasis on meeting the needs
of the families and individuals in slum and blighted neighborhoods
for jobs, education, health, and social services.
Physical Revitalization: The Program is designed to transform
worn-out areas into "model" neighborhoods. This means
providing new and improved housing and the necessary community
facilities for health, education, transportation, shopping,
recreation and culture. This means parks, play grounds, and the
other amenities necessary to transform such areas into vital and
satisfying communities.
Rehabilitation: The Program emphasizes rehabilitation and
minimal relocation of residents and businesses from the area.
Cities are expected to devise techniques for rehabilitating large
areas, to gain cost reductions through economies of larger scale
upgrading of housing.
Increased Housing Supply: The Program calls for a substantial
increase in the supply of standard housing for low- and
moderate-income families. Thus, rebuilding will result in more,
rather than less, of this kind of housing which is often in short
supply.
Citizen Participation: The Program is intended to open up
opportunities for the constructive involvement of citizens in the
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affected neighborhoods and the city as a whole in planning and
carrying out of program activities. Neighborhood residents must
have a meaningful role in the rebuilding and restructuring of
their own communities; planning must be carried out with as well
as for the people living in the affected areas. In addition, area
residents must benefit from the jobs that are created by the
projects and activities carried out in the program.
Private Initiative and Enterprise: The Program calls for encouragement
of private initiative and enterprise of all kinds -- the
initiative and enterprise of individual homeowners, contractors,
and builders to improve housing and environmental conditions; the
involvement of business leaders and financial interests in carrying
out the program, and the creation of an environment in which
private enterprise can prosper in meeting the needs of the residents.
TYPES OF ELIGIBLE AREAS
The area or areas selected by the city for carrying out the
program should contain such problems as serious housing and
environmental deficiencies, and high concentrations of poverty,
unemployment, ill health, and educational deficiencies.
The area or areas should be large enough to remove or arrest
blight and decay in entire neighborhoods.
In small communities, where blight and poverty are generally
confined to small pockets, these areas, rather than an entire
neighborhood, might be the demonstration area.
PROGRAM STANDARDS
The legislation specifies that funds may be made available for
comprehensive city demonstration programs which:
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• Remove or arrest blight or decay and make a substantial impact
on the physical and social problems in entire sections
or neighborhoods.
• Contribute to the sound development of the entire city.
• Make marked
disadvantages,
idleness.
progress in reducing social and educational
ill health, underemployment and enforced
• Provide educational, health and social services necessary to
serve the poor and disadvantaged in the area.
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1
• Involve widespread citizen participation.
• Create maximum opportunities for training and employing
area residents in all phases of the program.
• Provide a substantial increase in the supply of low and
moderate cost housing.
•Open up maximum opportunities in housing choices by all
citizens.
• Provide adequate public and commercial facilities to serve
the residents of the areas.
• Provide ease of access between the residential areas and
centers of employment.
In addition, Congress has directed the Department of Housing and
Urban Development to encourage:
• High standards of design.
• The preservation of natural and historic sites and distinctive
neighborhood characteristics.
• Maximum use of new and improved technology and cost
reduction techniques.
Smaller City Participation: Congress has directed that the
assistance provided by the act be given to cities of all sizes and
in all parts of the country.
Small cities may not have all of the problems to which the criteria
of the act are directed. Demonstration programs of smaller cities
may be eligible for planning and grant assistance if the program
proposed is of such a size and includes such social services and
activities as are appropriate to its size and particular circumstances.
The Department of Housing and Urban Development will
take into account that smaller cities ordinarily do not have the
full staff of technicians and experts for a program of this nature.
FINANCING A LOCAL PROGRAM
F).nancing of a comprehensive city demonstration program will
require the fullest possible utilization of available resources
from all levels of government. In developing the program, cities
should look first to all available State and local resources which
might help solve the problems of the demonstration area.
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Second, cities should review and incorporate all the available
federally assisted programs which might be brought to bear on
these problems.
Third, the Demonstration Cities Program provides for a special
supplemental grant to carry out new and imaginative solutions to
urban problems and expand and upgrade existing programs.
The amount of this supplemental grant can be up to 80 percent of
the total non-Federal contributions required for all projects or
activities assisted by Federal grant-in-aid programs which are
carried out as part of a comprehensive city demonstration program.
In addition, grants will be made to pay 80 percent of the
cost of planning and administering comprehensive city demonstration
programs.
A project or activity assisted by a Federal grant-in-aid program
can be included for the purpose of computing the supplemental
grant if it is closely related to the physical and social problems
in the area, and can reasonably be expected to have a noticeable
effect upon such problems.
Here is how a hypothetical grant might be computed:
Federally-Assisted Activities Statutory
Included as Part of Local Cost of Federal Non- Federal
Program Activity Share (o/o) Share ($)
(In thousands) (in thousands)
Urban Renewal Projects $15,000 66-2/3 $5,000
Neighborhood Center 1,200 66-2/3 400
Hospital 3, 750 varies 2,500
Community Action Programs 3,000 90 300
(Including Head Start)
Manpower Training and 3,000 90 300
Development
Urban Beautification 400 50 200
Vocational Education Program 400 50 200
Adult Basic Education Program 500 90 50
Assistance to Medically 2,000 varies 1,000
Indigent
Work- Training Program 500 90 50
(Neighborhood Youth Corps)
$29,750 $10,000
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}
The special demonstration grant could be up to 80 percent of the
non-Federal contribution or $8,000,000 in this example.
The supplemental grant funds do not have to be "earmarked" for
any one specific project or activity. They may be used without
further local matching for any project or activity included as
part of the approved comprehensive city demonstration program.
The funds must be used first to support new and additional
projects and activities not otherwise assisted under an existing
Federal grant-in-aid program. To the extent they are not needed
for this purpose, they can be used to make up the non- Federal
contribution to new projects or activities assisted under a Federal
grant-in-aid program. (However, they may not be used to replace
non-Federal contributions already obligated to projects or activities
prior to applying for a planning grant.)
In the hypothetical example the supplemental grant of $8 million
might be used in the following manner:
New Projects and Activities not Otherwise Assisted Under an
Existing Federal Grant-in-Aid Program
(in thousands)
Revolving fund for purchase and rehabilitation
of housing
Increased level of garbage collection and
rodent control in area
Training program for non-profit housing
sponsors and managers
Police-community relations program
Improving and staffing neighborhood playgrounds
for year-round and night use
Bus service to employment areas
Supplementary education services not fundable
under other programs
School construction
Treatment facilities and services for alcoholics
Probation counsellors
The balance of $3 million could be used as a
non-Federal share of new federally assisted
ti vi ties.
$1,400
400
200
300
600
200
500
900
300
200
$5,000
credit against the
projects and ac-
5
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This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. CODE).
HOW TO APPLY
Any municipality (or two or more acting jointly), county or other
public body (or two or more acting jointly) having general governmental
powers is eligible to participate in the Program.
The Program is to be carried out in neighborhoods in those cities
which clearly will meet or exceed program standards. Communities
of all sizes in all parts of the country are eligible to participate.
This will enable the program to demonstrate the wide
range of methods available to deal with the diversity of problems
that are found in cities and towns of all sizes throughout the
country.
There are two stages of application for financial aid: (1) planning,
(2) carrying out the program.
Applying for a Planning Grant: Grants will be made to pay 80
percent of the cost of planning comprehensive city demonstration
programs. Application for a grant to plan a comprehensive city
demonst;ation program is to be made by the submission of a
written proposal approved by the local governing body.
The Program Guide setting forth the technical standards and
application requirements, should be consulted in preparing a proposal.
In general, a proposal will have to define and analyze the social
and physical problems in the proposed neighborhood or neighborhoods,
establish the program goals with respect to solving those
problems, and set out the proposed program approaches to be
taken to reach those goals. It need not contain a detailed specification
of what the program will contain, since that is to be planned
and developed with the planning grant. In addition, it should also
describe the city demonstration agency which would receive the
planning funds and the administrative machinery to be employed
for coordinating planning activities of related local agencies.
(The city demonstration agency could be the city, the county or
a local public agency established or designated by the local
governing body.)
Only those cities which show an understanding of the conditions
of the area, how they have developed, and what is necessary to
overcome them, show their ability and commitment to build an
effective program based on that understanding, and show that
they can develop effective administrative machinery which pulls
together the various departments and agencies and private bodies
necessary to carrying out the program, will receive planning
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grants. A mere packaging of old plans, without focusing on basic
problems, will not be enough.
It is vital that a cross-section of groups and individuals participate
in developing a proposal. Without a firm commitment from
the various units of local government and without the fullest involvement
of the people in the affected area, the local program
is not likely to succeed.
Here is a simple test to determine whether the city is on the right
track in developing a proposal,
1. Have all the public officials and private agencies and
organizations essential to carrying out a comprehensive program
and the citizens groups of the selected neighborhoods been working
together to analyze the social and physical problems of the
area?
2. Has an awareness begun to develop that a variety of projects
and activities must be linked together to get at deep rooted
problems?
3, Are discussions beginning to generate new and innovative
approaches and techniques to solving problems?
If these three things are happening the city is well on its way to
developing an effective proposal.
The Planning Period: Approved proposals will receive funds
for a period of planning which may run from six to twelve months,
to work out the detailed program. During the planning period
technical assistance will be available from the Department of Housing
and Urban Development upon request.
Applying for a Supplemental Grant to Assist in Carrying Out
the Program: Upon completion of planning, cities will make application
for grants to assist in carrying out the program. If the
program as planned meets or exceeds the program standards
and if the community shows the local commitment and local
capacity to carry it out, the program will be approved for funding
as Federal funds become available.
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Reproduced from the manuscript collections at Boise State University Library
Len B. Jordan Collection MSS 6. Box 156, Folder 27
This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. CODE).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
Details on the Demonstrations Cities Program is available
through Regional Offices of the U.S. Department of Housing and
Urban Development:
Region I: 346 Broadway, New York, New York 10013 (Connecticut,
Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York,
Rhode Island, Vermont).
Region II: 728 Widener Building, Chestnut and Juniper Streets,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 (Delaware, District of Columbia,
Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia).
Region III: 645 Peachtree- Seventh Building, Atlanta, Georgia
30323 (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee).
Region IV: Room 1500,
Illinois 60601 (Illinois,
Nebraska, North Dakota,
360 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago,
Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota,
Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin).
Region V: Federal Office Building 819 Taylor Street, Room
13-A-01, Fort Worth, Texas 76102 (Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas,
Louisiana, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas).
Region VI: 450 Golden Gate Avenue, P.O. Box 36003, San Francisco,
California 94102 (Arizona, California, Guam, Hawaii,
Nevada, Southern Idaho, Utah, Wyoming). Area Office: 909 First
Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98104 (Alaska, Montana, Northern
Idaho, Oregon, Washington).
Region VII: Ponce de Leon Avenue and Bolivia Street, P.O. Box
1105, Hato Rey, Puerto Rico 00919 (Puerto Rico and the Virgin
Islands).
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Len B. Jordan Collection MSS 6. Box 156, Folder 27
This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. CODE).
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l!l
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This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. CODE).
